McGivney Kluger Clark & Intoccia, P.C., New York (Dean L. Pillarella of counsel), for appellants.

Pollack, Pollack, Isaac & DeCicco, New York (Brian J. Isaac of counsel), for respondent.

Order, Supreme Court, New York County (Lillian Wan, J.), entered on or about July 3, 2019, which, inter alia, denied defendants New Jersey Transit Corporation and Rennaud Pierrelouis's posttrial motion to set aside the jury's damages award of $400,000 for past pain and suffering and $400,00 for future (21 years) pain and suffering and order a new trial on damages or, alternatively, to reduce the damages awards, unanimously affirmed, without costs.

Defendant New Jersey Transit waived its sovereign immunity defense (see Belfand v Petosa, 196 AD3d 60 [1st Dept 2021] [decided herewith]). It did not place plaintiff or the court on notice of the defense by asserting it in its responsive pleadings, during pretrial litigation, at trial or in its posttrial motion. Indeed, it raised the issue for the first time on appeal. As the defense pre-dates Franchise Tax Bd. of Cal. v Hyatt (587 US &mdash, 139 S Ct 1485 [2019]), and thus was available at the time New Jersey Transit served its answer, "[its] litigation conduct induced substantial reliance on that conduct by plaintiff and our courts, and is inescapably a clear declaration to have our courts entertain this action" (Belfand, 196 AD3d at 73).

The jury's damages awards do not deviate materially from what would be reasonable compensation (CPLR 5501 [c]; see, e.g. Thompson v Toscano, 166 AD3d 446 [1st Dept 2018]; Jones v New York Presbyt. Hosp., 158 AD3d 474 [1st Dept 2018]). Concur—Acosta, P.J., Gische, Webber, González, JJ. [Prior Case History: 2019 NY Slip Op 31903(U).]