Michael D. Neville, Mental Hygiene Legal Service, Garden City (Felicia B. Rosen of counsel), for appellant.

Order, Supreme Court, Kings County (Steven Z. Mostofsky, J.), entered on or about June 15, 2023, transferred to this Court by order of Supreme Court, Appellate Division, Second Department, dated June 28, 2023, which sanctioned nonparty appellant $100 for frivolous conduct under 22 NYCRR 130-1.1 (c) (1)-(3), unanimously reversed, on the law and the facts, without costs, and the sanction vacated.

The court abused its discretion in imposing the sanction on appellant in that her conduct as reflected in the record did not fit within the definition of "frivolous" set forth in 22 NYCRR 130-1.1 (c) (1)-(3) (see Matter of Minister, Elders & Deacons of Refm. Prot. Dutch Church of City of N.Y. v 198 Broadway, 76 NY2d 411, 414 [1990]). Appellant properly raised procedural and substantive arguments concerning why the court should not direct petitioner to compel respondent, a 62-year-old woman with end stage renal failure, to undergo painful dialysis three times a week for three hours a day and receive powerful psychotropic medication against her wishes in order to restrain her. Although it is unclear whether respondent understood the consequences of her refusal to accept treatment, appellant's arguments in support of respondent's position were not without merit.

Moreover, the record does not indicate that appellant's conduct was undertaken to delay or prolong the resolution of the proceeding or to harass or maliciously injure another. Although the court warned the parties not to interrupt each other or the court, and admonished appellant a couple of times during the hearing about such conduct, the record does not reflect a pattern of such behavior on her part or demonstrate that it caused delay. Further, the court did not cite any false statements made by appellant sufficient to warrant sanctions.

The court also failed to give appellant a reasonable opportunity to be heard on the sanction before it was actually imposed (see Matter of Hunte v Jones, 221 AD3d 813, 815 [2d Dept 2023]), and did not indicate why the amount imposed was appropriate (see Matter of Griffin v Panzarin, 305 AD2d 601, 603 [2d Dept 2003]). Concur—Moulton, J.P., Gesmer, González, Rodriguez, Michael, JJ. [Prior Case History: 79 Misc 3d 1217(A), 2023 NY Slip Op 50647(U).]